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国民经济

经济概况:

Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country with an underdeveloped manufacturing sector. Agriculture accounts for over 40% of GDP and employs more than 90% of the population. Burundi's primary exports are coffee and tea, which account for more than half of foreign exchange earnings, but these earnings are subject to fluctuations in weather and international coffee and tea prices, Burundi is heavily dependent on aid from bilateral and multilateral donors, as well as foreign exchange earnings from participation in the African Union Mission to Somalia (AMISOM). Foreign aid represented 48% of Burundi's national income in 2015, one of the highest percentages in Sub-Saharan Africa, but this figure decreased to 33.5% in 2016 due to political turmoil surrounding President NKURUNZIZA's bid for a third term. Burundi joined the East African Community (EAC) in 2009. ++ Burundi faces several underlying weaknesses – low governmental capacity, corruption, a high poverty rate, poor educational levels, a weak legal system, a poor transportation network, and overburdened utilities – that have prevented the implementation of planned economic reforms. The purchasing power of most Burundians has decreased as wage increases have not kept pace with inflation, which reached approximately 18% in 2017. ++ Real GDP growth dropped precipitously following political events in 2015 and has yet to recover to pre-conflict levels. Continued resistance by donors and the international community will restrict Burundi's economic growth as the country deals with a large current account deficit.

GDP实际增长率:

0% (2017 est.)
-1% (2016 est.)
-4% (2015 est.)
世界排名: 193

通货膨胀率(消费者价格):

-0.6% (2019 est.)
-2.5% (2018 est.)
15.9% (2017 est.)
世界排名: 10

GDP(按购买力平价计算,当年价格):

$6.792 billion (2019 est.)
$6.669 billion (2018 est.)
$6.563 billion (2017 est.)
note: data are in 2010 dollars

GDP (官方汇率):

$3.027 billion (2019 est.)

GDP - 人均(购买力平价):

$208 (2019 est.)
$211 (2018 est.)
$214 (2017 est.)
note: data are in 2010 dollars
世界排名: 225

国民储蓄总额:

-5.3% of GDP (2017 est.)
-4.1% of GDP (2016 est.)
-6.7% of GDP (2015 est.)
世界排名: 183

GDP构成,按来源部门:

agriculture: 39.5% (2017 est.)
industry: 16.4% (2017 est.)
services: 44.2% (2017 est.)

GDP构成,按最终用途:

household consumption: 83% (2017 est.)
government consumption: 20.8% (2017 est.)
investment in fixed capital: 16% (2017 est.)
investment in inventories: 0% (2017 est.)
exports of goods and services: 5.5% (2017 est.)
imports of goods and services: -25.3% (2017 est.)

营商环境指数得分:

46.8 (2020)

农业 - 产品:

coffee, cotton, tea, corn, beans, sorghum, sweet potatoes, bananas, cassava (manioc, tapioca); beef, milk, hides

工业:

light consumer goods (sugar, shoes, soap, beer); cement, assembly of imported components; public works construction; food processing (fruits)

工业生产增长率:

-2% (2017 est.)
世界排名: 182

劳动力:

5.012 million (2017 est.)
世界排名: 78

劳动力 - 按职业:

agriculture: 93.6%
industry: 2.3%
services: 4.1% (2002 est.)

失业率:

NA

贫困线以下人口:

64.6% (2014 est.)

按百分比划分的家庭收入或消费:

lowest 10%: 4.1%
highest 10%: 28% (2006)

预算:

revenues: 536.7 million (2017 est.)
expenditures: 729.6 million (2017 est.)

税收和其他收入:

15.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
世界排名: 186

预算盈余 (+) 或赤字 (-):

-5.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
世界排名: 177

公共债务:

51.7% of GDP (2017 est.)
48.4% of GDP (2016 est.)
世界排名: 96

财政年度:

calendar year

经常账户余额:

-$418 million (2017 est.)
-$411 million (2016 est.)
世界排名: 118

出口:

$279 million (2019 est.)
$283 million (2018 est.)
$315 million (2017 est.)
世界排名: 186

出口 - 合作伙伴:

Democratic Republic of the Congo 25.5%, Switzerland 18.4%, UAE 14.9%, Belgium 6% (2017)

出口 - 商品:

coffee, tea, sugar, cotton, hides

进口:

$1.04 billion (2019 est.)
$927 million (2018 est.)
$1.295 billion (2017 est.)
世界排名: 185

进口 - 商品:

capital goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs

进口 - 合作伙伴:

India 18.5%, China 13%, Kenya 7.9%, UAE 6.8%, Saudi Arabia 6.8%, Uganda 6%, Tanzania 5.4%, Zambia 4.6% (2017)

外汇和黄金储备:

$97.4 million (31 December 2017 est.)
$95.17 million (31 December 2016 est.)
世界排名: 181

外债:

$610.9 million (31 December 2017 est.)
$622.4 million (31 December 2016 est.)
世界排名: 173

汇率:

Burundi francs (BIF) per US dollar -
1,945 (2020 est.)
1,876.25 (2019 est.)
1,800.495 (2018 est.)
1,571.9 (2014 est.)
1,546.7 (2013 est.)

能源:

电网接入:

population without electricity: 10 million (2019)
electrification - total population: 11% (2019)
electrification - urban areas: 66% (2019)
electrification - rural areas: 2% (2019)

电力 - 生产:

304 million kWh (2016 est.)
世界排名: 183

用电量:

382.7 million kWh (2016 est.)
世界排名: 176

电力 - 出口:

0 kWh (2016 est.)
世界排名: 114

电力 - 进口:

100 million kWh (2016 est.)
世界排名: 100

电力 - 装机容量:

68,000 kW (2016 est.)
世界排名: 186

电力 - 来自化石燃料:

14% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)
世界排名: 199

电力 - 来自核燃料:

0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
世界排名: 59

电力 - 来自水力发电厂:

73% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
世界排名: 14

电力 - 来自其他可再生能源:

14% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
世界排名: 61

石油 - 生产:

0 bbl/day (2018 est.)
世界排名: 117

石油 - 出口:

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
世界排名: 101

石油 - 进口:

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
世界排名: 104

石油 - 探明储量:

0 bbl (1 January 2018 est.)
世界排名: 113

精炼石油产品 - 生产:

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
世界排名: 125

精炼石油产品 - 消费:

1,500 bbl/day (2016 est.)
世界排名: 199

精炼石油产品 - 出口:

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
世界排名: 138

精炼石油产品 - 进口:

1,374 bbl/day (2015 est.)
世界排名: 195

天然气 - 生产:

0 cu m (2017 est.)
世界排名: 111

天然气 - 消费:

0 cu m (2017 est.)
世界排名: 127

天然气 - 出口:

0 cu m (2017 est.)
世界排名: 76

天然气 - 进口:

0 cu m (2017 est.)
世界排名: 100

天然气 - 探明储量:

0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)
世界排名: 117

能源消耗产生的二氧化碳排放量:

217,000 Mt (2017 est.)
世界排名: 198

通讯

电话 - 固定线路:

total subscriptions: 20,758
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2019 est.)
世界排名: 175

电话 - 手机:

total subscriptions: 6,644,833
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 57.62 (2019 est.)
世界排名: 105

电信系统:

general assessment: with the great population density Burundi remains one of the most alluring telecom markets in Africa for investors; the government in early 2018 began the Burundi Broadband project, which plans to deliver nationwide connectivity by 2025; mobile operators have launched 3G and LTE mobile services to capitalize on the expanding demand for Internet access; mobile penetration is at 52%, and remains low by regional standards; future plans to privatize the national telecoms (2020)
domestic: telephone density one of the lowest in the world; fixed-line connections stand at well less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular usage is 58 per 100 persons (2019)
international: country code - 257; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean); the government, supported by the Word Bank, has backed a joint venture with a number of prominent telecoms to build a national fiber backbone network, offering onward connectivity to submarine cable infrastructure landings in Kenya and Tanzania (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated

广播媒体:

state-controlled Radio Television Nationale de Burundi (RTNB) operates a TV station and a national radio network; 3 private TV stations and about 10 privately owned radio stations; transmissions of several international broadcasters are available in Bujumbura (2019)

互联网国家代码:

.bi

互联网用户:

total: 298,684
percent of population: 2.66% (July 2018 est.)
世界排名: 165

宽带 - 固定用户:

total: 3,935
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2018 est.)
世界排名: 184

运输

民用航空器注册国家代码前缀:

9U (2016)

机场:

7 (2013)
世界排名: 166

机场 - 铺设跑道:

total: 1 (2019)
over 3,047 m: 1

机场 - 未铺设跑道:

total: 6 (2013)
914 to 1,523 m: 4 (2013)
under 914 m: 2 (2013)

直升机场:

1 (2012)

公路:

total: 12,322 km (2016)
paved: 1,500 km (2016)
unpaved: 10,822 km (2016)
世界排名: 130

水路:

(mainly on Lake Tanganyika between Bujumbura, Burundi's principal port, and lake ports in Tanzania, Zambia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2011)

港口和码头:

lake port(s): Bujumbura (Lake Tanganyika)


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