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标题: [业内交流] MSC Daniela集装箱船起火事故导致的共同海损后续理赔详解
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MSC Daniela集装箱船起火事故导致的共同海损后续理赔详解

当地时间4月5日凌晨,MSC旗下一艘13800TEU名为MV Daniela在斯里兰卡科伦坡附近海域起火,当地时间4月14日,MV Daniela号已前往科伦坡国际集装箱码头靠港了。然后船东开始给每个货主都发了公函,相信货主们都收到了邮件,下面平安货运保险赵先生为大家详解下应该怎么做。船方的邮件主要内容有两部分:1,说明了起火出事的经过和状况。 2,让大家准备共同海损的资料。

1,摘录原文如下:
MSC DANIELA – FD711W
GENERAL AVERAGE DECLARATION
 
 
Dear Sirs,
18th April 2017 Notice to MSC Customers of a General Average Incident resulting from a major cargo fire on 4th April 2017 and diversion to Colombo, Sri Lanka as port of refuge
 
With sincere regret for the inconvenience caused to its customers, MSC herewith provides notice of an incident involving MSC Daniela, which appears to have been caused by mis-declared dangerous cargo.  MSC is relieved to be able to advise that despite the seriousness of the incident and substantial financial losses arising, it is believed that neither the crew nor any third parties involved have suffered any personal injury.
 
The Incident
 
1. An explosion and/or fire broke out in deck cargo on “MSC Daniela” at around 08.15 LT on 4th April whilst she was on passage from Singapore to Port Said.   A few minutes after hearing the initial explosion, the vessel’s crew observed flames coming from the deck cargo stowed on bays 54/58 starboard side.  
 
2. The vessel was making about 20 knots at the time of the incident but slowed down and turned so that the wind was blowing the fire to the starboard, thus preventing it spreading to cargo located to port, or to cargo forward or aft.  The crew fought the fire and conducted boundary cooling of adjacent cargo.  The vessel sought support from ashore including assistance from fire-fighting tugs
 
3. Sometime later, smoke was observed coming from the cargo holds 5 and 6 between the pontoons on deck.  CO2 was released into holds 5 and 6 in case of fire in these holds. Firefighting tugs were dispatched from Colombo, Sri Lanka and the vessel was diverted towards Colombo as a port of refuge.
 
4. She was joined and assisted by fire-fighting tugs and at 2320 on 5 April 2017, “MSC DANIELA” anchored off Colombo.  This was to allow the fire to be fought and controlled so as to allow the vessel to enter Colombo port.   A specialist fire-fighting team was engaged to assist the crew in fighting the fire, including extinguishing the same by injecting water into deck cargo on a container by container basis.  
 
5. On 14th April the vessel was permitted to enter Colombo port and moored at the container terminal. She was accompanied by a fire-fighting tug which continued to provide assistance during discharge. As of 17th April most of the vessel’s cargo has been discharged onto Colombo Terminal.
 
6. It is anticipated that removing the remaining damaged cargo on board MSC Daniela will be time-consuming and that she will require substantial repairs before she is able to resume service. MSC is considering various options for moving sound cargo from Colombo to its original discharge ports, and will be updating customers as soon as decisions are made.  
 
7. It is believed that the continuous use of fire-fighting water to control the spread of the fire from 4th April until 17th April will have caused substantial water damage to cargo that was not otherwise damaged by the fire, especially down-flooding damage to cargo located underdeck in Holds Nos 5 & 6 directly below the fire.    Although it is difficult to estimate accurately pending full inspections, it is estimated that between 1,000 TEU and 1,300 TEU of cargo may have been affected either fire/explosion damage or water damage during the Incident.
 
The Cause of the Incident
 
8. The cause of the Incident is under investigation by fire experts appointed by MSC, Maersk and Cargo Interests.  
 
Declaration of General Average and appointment of GA Adjusters and Surveyors
 
9. The owners of MSC Daniela have declared General Average (“GA”). They have appointed Richards Hogg Lindley (“RHL”) as GA Adjusters in respect of the Incident.  RHL will shortly be sending a notice via MSC and Maersk to all cargo interests in order to advise the GA security which will be required to be lodged before the cargo can be delivered to the receivers.
 
Parties based in Europe or Africa contact:-
 
Parties based in all other areas contact:-
 
[email]Info-liverpool@rhl-ct.com[/email] 
Singapore.ga@rhl-ct.com 


Richards Hogg Lindley
Richards Hogg Lindley
4th Floor, Royal Liver Building
140 Cecil Street
Liverpool
#15-00 PIL Building
L3 1JH
069540
United Kingdom
Singapore


T: +44 (0)151 227 2175
T: +65 6506 2897/8
 
The above-mentioned notice and forms will be made available on the following website:
http://www.rhlg.com/clients
Use the dropdown menu to locate the vessel’s name “MSC DANIELA”. The password for this case is:   4DAN2017
 
 
10. Taylor Marine Liverpool have been appointed to act as GA Surveyors whose contact details are as follows:-
 
 
 
Customers requiring assistance in posting GA Guarantees and GA Bonds
 
11. Insofar as MSC Customers require assistance from lawyers and cargo recovery agents, MSC advises that the following firms/individuals are involved (arranged in alphabetical order):-
 
(i) Clyde & Co/Jai Sharma –  <Jai.Sharma@clydeco.com>
(ii) Dolphin Maritime/Matthew Robinson -  <Matt@dolphin-maritime.com>
(iii) Kennedys/John Langley -  <John.Langley@kennedyslaw.com>
(iv) W.K.Webster/Nigel Palmour -  <NPalmour@wkwebster.com>
 
 
 
MSC’s contact details for further information in relation to this Incident
 
12. MSC will keep MSC Customers advised as to details in relation to this Incident as the same is known. In the meantime, MSC Customers are asked to direct enquiries to its local MSC Agents.
 
 
 
Geneva, 18th April, 2017
MSC MEDITERRANEAN SHIPPING COMPANY S.A.
解释:
1,说明的出事的原因:初步估计是危险品货物误申报所致。
2,估计有1000-1300个集装箱有可能已受到损坏。
3,MSC已经委托了Richards Hogg Lindley (“RHL”) 负责“共同海损”的事宜. 货主要提供资料给RHL.






  货物没有受损的货主也不要高兴太早,别以为没事了,现在有了这个共同海损,即使你的货物没有受损,还是要“赔钱”的。下面我们来说说共同海损的相关知识。




  所谓共同海损,是指在同一海上航程中,船舶、货物和其它财产遭遇共同危险,为了共同安全,有意地、合理地采取措施所造成的特殊牺牲,支付的特殊费用(《中华人民共和国海商法》第193条)。载有货物的船舶遇到风浪,为防止船舶倾覆而抛弃一部分货物所造成的财产损失就属于共同海损。由于共同海损是为了共同安全而造成的损失,所以应由各受益方分摊,而不应由受损失方单独承担。

  这个船方最后会算出来这个费用的,但时间比较久,那货主的货怎么办?我们再来看看共同海损的理算流程:
共同海损理算程序包括以下三个阶段:
  首先,需确定共同海损的总金额,即因共同海损措施造成的特殊牺牲和支付的特殊费用的总金额。只有确定了共同海损的总金额,才能确定共有多少共同海损由各受益方分摊。在本次共同海损中,应以受损货主的货物在大阪装船时的价值加上保险费和运费,减去货物灭失后不必支付的运费计算共同海损总金额。
  其次,确定共同海损分摊价值,即因采取共同海损措施而获救和受益的船舶、货物或者其他财产的价值,包括由于共同海损措施而得到保全的财产价值和共同海损牺牲金额。确定共同海损分摊价值的目的在于,按照各受益方受益的多少来分摊共同海损。
  确定各受益方的分摊金额,实践中一般按下列步骤计算各受益方分摊的共同海损金额:
  1.将共同海损总金额除以共同海损分摊价值总额,计算出共同海损损失率。即:共同海损损失率=共同海损总金额/共同海损分摊价值总额×100%。
  2.用各受益方的分摊价值分别乘以共同海损损失率,得到各受益方应分摊的共同海损金额,即:各受益方应分摊的共同海损金额=各受益方的分摊价值×共同海损损失率。



 






  船方为了让货主分摊共同海损,会扣货让货主支付,但共同海损处理流程要2年时间左右,为了能让货主快速顺利后续的转运及提货,船东发声明就会让货主提供下面的资料。

 船东声明原文:
[attach]318336[/attach]
[attach]318334[/attach]


 说明:
货主要提供三份资料:
1,货物的fp
2,由货主签章的Average Bond(共同海损保证书)
3, 这里又分两种情况:
    1)有买货运保险的,就提供由保险人签章的Average Guarantee;
    2)没有买货运保险的,就提供“共同海损保证金的回单”


  接着我们说下Average Bond,这个船方有发来格式,货主按格式填好资料签章给RHL即可,具体如下:

[attach]318335[/attach]

  Average Bond这个简单,接着说买了保险的货主要联系保险人提供的Average Guarantee。保险人会让货主提供的资料有:

船方邮件及其发送的所有格式单证
货物装箱单、CIF价格fp【如果货物为FOB,请为了此次事故做一份CIF的fp仅供此次共损事故使用】(加盖发货人公章的彩色扫描件)
货物出口报关单
提单正面及背面条款
如果有H B/L,也请提供正面及背面条款
如果保险有免赔额(那保险公司可能会要求货主先把这个免赔额的金额转账给保险公司)


 备注:首先请与船方确认货物是否有损失,其次Average Bond这个文件也要发给保险人。

这些资料都提供给保险人后,保险公司出具保函Average Guarantee,然后货主把Average Guarantee发给RHL,就可以顺利后续的转运及提货了。
Average Guarantee
如下:
[attach]318337[/attach]

 总结:这个过来有点复杂,最重要的耗时太长,一堆的仓租柜租交期问题就会出来了,货主都等不起啊,所以大家出货千万要记住买货运保险啊。 
能说的都说了。如果还有不清楚的,欢迎咨询,很高兴能帮到你。



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