ALOCROM 1200 (2)
7. ALOCROM 1200 BATH CONTROLL
   ALOCROM 1200 浴缸的控制
7.1 ALOCROM TITRATION: 浴缸滴定
a. Adjust the Alocrom bath to its normal working level with water and stir.
用水调整浴缸到正常的操作水平并搅拌。
b.Pipette 5 cm3 of the Alocrom bath into a 250 cm3 flask and dilute to about 100cm- with water. Take care that none of the solution is spilt throughout the test.
用吸管吸5 cm3 的ALOCROM 溶液到到250 cm3 烧瓶并用水稀释到大概100CM3 注意在整个试验过程中不能有溶液溢出。
c. Add about 1 gram of potassium iodide and agitate to dissolve.
添加 约1克的碘化钾 并振摇至溶解。
d. Add about 5 cm3 of concentrated hydrochloric acid and mix. Leave to stand for about 1 minute.
添加大概 5 cm3 的浓缩盐酸并混合，放置1分钟左右。
e. Titrate the solution with 0.1N sodium thiosulphate until a straw colour is obtained.
用0.1N的硫代硫酸钠滴定溶液，直到获取淡黄色为止。
f. Dissolve about 0.5 grams of iodine indicator (Iotect) in water and add to
the flask. A blue-black colour will be obtained. Continue the titration to
the colourless end point.
在水中溶解大概0.5克的碘指示剂（LOTECT），并添加至烧瓶。或出现深蓝色。继续滴定到无色终点。
The number of cm 3 of sodium thiosulphate added is the strength titration
3
of the bath and this should be maintained at 3.3 - 4.0 cm . Add 2 kg of
3
Alocrom  1200  powder  per  1000  litres  of  bath  for  each  cm   below  the
required value.

所添加的硫代硫酸钠的cm 3数就是浴缸的浓度滴定，这应该保持在3.3-4.0 cm 3. 在要求值以下的 每cm 3 ，每1000升浴缸要添加 2KG ALOCROM 1200 粉末
Refer to Section 12 - HANDLING PRECAUTIONS before opening the
Alocrom 1200 container 在打开ALOCROM 1200容器包装前，请参考第12部分的内容—操作注意事项。

7.2 PH Controll
PH 值的控制
For correct coating formation, Alocrom baths should be operated at a pH
between 1.6 and 2.2.  If the coating takes longer to form than normal and
is lighter coloured or non-adherent, this indicates that the pH is rising and
it should be lowered by adding concentrated nitric acid when replenishing
the bath. Initially, add 100 cm3 of acid for each 4kg of Alocrom needed to replenish bath; if necessary increase the amount in 100 cm3 increments, up to a maximum of 1 litre/4 kg until consistent coatings are obtained. The amount of nitric acid added must be kept as low as possible and the maximum must be exceeded. After each addition of acid, wait for several hours before adding more acid to ensure the bath has reached equilibrium
If  preferred, the pH can usually be lowered by increasing the Alocrom
concentration rather than adding concentrated nitric acid.  To do this add
Alocrom  in  1  gram  per  litre  increments  until  consistent  coating  are
obtained. The  total  Alocrom  concentration  must  not  exceed  14  kg per
1000 litres which corresponds to a titration of 7 cm .   Once the optimum operating  strength  for  a  particular  plant  has  been  established,  the  bath should be maintained at that strength by small additions of Alocrom 1200
powder as indicated by titration.

为使镀层正常的形成，ALOCROM 的浴缸应该控制在PH 1.6-2.2 之间。 如果镀层形成的时间比正常的时间要久而且颜色比较淡或没有粘附力，这表示PH 在上升。在补充浴缸的时候，可以添加浓缩硝酸减低PH值。开始的时候，填充浴缸需要每4KG ALOCROM 添加100CM3的酸；必要的时候，以100cm3增加量增加 到 1升/4KG 的最大值。直到获得符合要求的镀层为止。添加硝酸的用量尽可能控制得最小。不能超出最大值。每次添加完酸，要等几个小时才可以进一步添加以确保浴缸平衡。
最好，PH常常可以通过添加ALOCROM 浓度的办法来降低而不是添加浓缩硝酸。为此，以1克/升的增加量添加ALOCROM，直到镀层符合要求。总的ALOCROM 浓度不能超过 14KG/1000升，这相当于7cm 3 的滴定数。一旦设立了最佳的操作浓度，那就要根据滴定数，少量添加ALOCROM 1200粉末来确保该浓度。
8. OPERATING NOTES
8.1 PRECLEANING
Remove all grease by solvent vapour degreasing or by using Ridoline,
Novaclean or Almeco cleaner. Rinse where necessary.
通过溶剂蒸气脱脂或使用Ridoline, Novaclean 或 Almeco 清洁剂去除油脂，必要的时候水洗。
If the oxide skin is very light no further precleaning is required.  However, if the oxide skin is heavier eg. on extrusions, heat treated sheet aluminium or cast alloys etc, it  will  normally need  removing with Deoxidiser. See Data Sheet on Deoxidisers 1, or 7/17 for details. 如果氧化皮膜很轻，不要求进一步预清洗。但是如果氧化皮膜比较重，如在挤型材，热处理后的铝板或压铸合金等上的，通常需要Deoxidiser（脱氧剂）去除油脂。有关的明细请参考Deoxidiser（脱氧剂）1、或7/17上面的数据说明书.

Copper containing alloys tend to smut in etching alkali cleaners and the copper smut should be removed by dipping the component in 10% nitric acid or Deoxidiser 7/17.  Alloys containing more than about 1% of silicon, such  as  those  commonly  used  for  die  castings,  give  a  silicon  smut  if etched  in  alkali  and  this  cannot  be removed  by  nitric  acid or  any  other practicable methods.  Such alloys are best solvent degreased and given a light etch in Deoxidiser 7/17 before the Alocrom treatment.
含有合金的铜在蚀刻碱性的清洁剂中容易变黑。铜上面的污点应该把工件浸泡在10%的硝酸或脱氧剂Deoxidiser 7/17中去除。含硅在1%以上的合金，如普遍用于压铸件中的那些，如果在碱性中侵蚀，会让硅产生污点，这污点无法用硝酸或任何其他实用的办法去除掉。在ALOCROM 处理前，这些合金在脱氧剂Deoxidiser 7/17中最好的被溶剂脱脂并造成轻度蚀刻。
8.2 ALOCROM TREATMENT
ALOCROM 处理
Immerse  in  the  Alocrom  1200  bath  for  2-5  minutes  at  18-27°C.    After
removing  the  work  from  the  bath  allow  it  to  drain  over  the  tank  for  15 seconds.  This  will  avoid  unnecessary  contamination  of  the  rinse  and
reduce drag out losses.
在温度为18-27°c 的ALOCROM 1200浴缸中浸没2-5分钟，从浴缸溶液中拿起工件后在槽上晾15秒，让其流干，这可以避免洗涤水不必要的污染并减少“拖出”损耗
8.3 ALOCROM COATING CONTROL
ALOCROM 镀层控制
Baths operating correctly give thin, adherent coatings ranging in color
from iridescent gold to golden yellow.  Typical coating weights are in the
range 0.3 to 2.0 g/m² (30-200 mg/sq ft).
浴缸溶液如果操作正确，应该可以产生一层薄薄的、粘附在工件上的镀层，颜色介于虹彩金色到金黄色之间。镀层重量（涂布量）介于0.3 到 2.0 g/m² (30-200 mg/sq ft).
If the coating does not form or is too light or too iridescent, the cause may
be one or more of the following:
如果不能形成涂层或镀层太轻太淡，或虹彩色过于明显，可能是以下一种或多种原因引起：
a.        The bath temperature is too low for the immersion time.浸没时浴缸溶液温度太低
b.        The immersion time is too short 浸没时间太短
c.        The concentration of the bath is too low 浴缸溶液浓度太低
d.        The pH of the bath is too high 浴缸溶液PH太高。
e. Heat treatment residues or an oxide layer on the metal surface are
preventing   coating   formation,   these   can   be   removed   with
Deoxidiser (see relevant Data Sheet for details).
热处理后的残留物或五金件表面的氧化层都可以妨碍镀层形成，这些都可以用脱氧剂Deoxidiser去除（请参照相关的产品数据说明书）
f. The bath has been overheated. This can permanently upset the
chemical balance of the solution.
浴缸溶液过热，这可以永久性的破坏溶液的化学平衡。
g. The  bath  has  become  contaminated  with  phosphates,  sulphates,
etc., from a prior cleaning bath.
浴缸溶液在之前清洗浴缸时被磷酸盐、硫酸盐等污染

If the coating is too heavy or dark, the causes may be one or more of the
following:
如果镀层太重或色太深暗，可能是以下一种或多种原因引起：
a.        The bath temperature is too high for the immersion time.浸没时浴缸温度太高
b.        The immersion time is too long.浸没时间太久
c.        The concentration of the bath is too high浴缸浓度太高
d.        The pH of the bath is too low. 浴缸PH值太低
If the coating is powdery, the cause may be one or more of
the following:
如果镀层成粉状，应该是以下一种或多个原因造成：
a.        The work has been improperly cleaned and/or rinsed. 工件没有正确清洗
b.        The bath has become contaminated 浴缸溶液污染
c. The surface oxide has not been adequately removed.   Treat with
Deoxidiser. 表面氧化物没有完全去除，可以用脱氧剂Deoxidiser

8.4 ALOCROM BATH MAINTENANCE
ALOCROM 浴缸维护

Restore the working level of the bath regularly with water to make good
evaporation and drag-out losses.
定期用水修复浴缸的工作水平面以发挥最佳的挥发作用和拖出损耗。
If any sludge accumulates and begins to interfere with the processing, the
bath should be cleaned out.  To do this allow the sludge to settle, siphon
or  pump  the  clear  solution  into  the  emptied  rinse  tank  and  discard  the
sludge.  Wash out the Alocrom tank and return the solution.  Fill the bath
up to its operating level with water and add Alocrom to bring the bath to
its working strength.
如果有任何淤泥累积并开始影响工艺操作，应该清洗浴缸。 为此，用虹吸管吸或泵入清水到空水槽里并清除淤泥，把ALOCROM 洗干净并恢复溶液。用水填充浴缸到操作水平面并添加ALOCROM 达到工作浓度。

Alocrom baths have a very long life and for all practical purposes need
never be discarded.
ALOCROM的使用期很长，适用于所有实际用途，不需废弃。

TO BE CONTINUED
BY BILIANYE
SKYPE: BILIANYE

ALOCROM 1200 (3)

9. RINSING 水洗
Rinse for 15-30 seconds in clean running water.  The rinse water flowing to drain
will contain a low concentration of chromates (hexavalent chromium).   A typical
figure  would  be  15  mg/l  (ppm)  Chromium (as  Cr),  and  this  may  need  effluent treatment  to  satisfy  the  requirements  of  the  Drainage  Authority.   Details of a simple effluent treatment method will be supplied on request.
在干净的流动水中清洗15-30秒，流出的洗涤水会含有低浓度的铬（六价鉻），通常是 15MG/L(PPM) 鉻（即是Cr）,这需要作工业废水处理以符合排污方面的有关规定。可以提供简单的污水处理办法的细节。
If the work it to be painted, rinse finally in deionised water, or alternatively mains
water containing Deoxylyte (see the relevant Product Data Sheet for details).  To
help dry the work this rinse can be heated to 50-70°C.  Deoxylyte in the final
rinse  counteracts  the  effects  of  any  hardness  in  the  final  rinse  water  and improves the corrosion resistance.   It also acidifies the surfaces before drying
and   thereby   ensures   good   paint   adhesion   even   under   prolonged   humid conditions.  Alternatively, Alocrom 1200 can be used for the same purpose.  Add
50-250 grams of Alocrom 1200 per 1000 litres of final rinse.   The pH should be
3-5.  Deionised water may be required to achieve this pH.
如果工件要做进一步的喷涂，最后要在去离子水中清洗，或在含有脱氧剂Deoxylyte的水中（参照有关的产品使用说明），为帮助工件弄干，冲洗可以加热到50-70°C。在最后清洗中的脱氧剂Deoxylyte可以抵消最后清洗水中的硬度作用，从而改善抗腐蚀作用。同时可以在干燥前酸化表面，从而确保了即使处在延长的潮湿条件下还有很好的喷涂粘附力。或者ALOCROM 1200可以用作同样的目的。每1000升的最后清洗水添加50-250克的ALOCROM 1200。PH 值应该是3-5， 为达到该PH，可能需要去离子水。
The final rinse must be kept clean and it should be renewed once a day or, for
continuous  production,  once  a  shift.   Use  deionised  or  distilled  water  for  final rinse make-up if possible.
最后的清洗水必须保持干净，并且应该每天更新一次或者，持续生产时，每班一次。可以的话，使用去离子水或者蒸馏水做最后清洗水的建浴。
10. DRYING 烘干
Air or oven dry the work.  Oven drying speeds up production and a peak metal
temperature  of  70°C  is  recommended.   At  higher  temperatures,  there  may  be some loss of corrosion resistance, particularly on copper bearing alloys or where
articles are to be left unpainted.
空气晾干或烤箱烘干，烤箱烘干可以加快生产，建议五金的最高温度在70°C。 如果温度更高的话，可能会引起抗腐蚀作用的部分丢失。尤其是含有合金的铜件或者是那些表面处理后不用喷涂的产品
There  is  no  restriction  on  the  stoving  temperature  of  paint  or  other  organic coatings applied over the Alocrom. 对ALOCROM 处理后进行喷涂的烤炉温度或者其他后处理的有机镀层没有规定

The freshly formed Alocrom coating is quite soft and care must be taken not to
damage it during rinsing and drying.  When dry, Alocrom treated parts may be
painted or put into service without further treatment.
刚形成的镀层太柔弱必须注意不要在清洗和干燥时不要损坏，干燥后，ALOCROM 处理后的产品可能要喷涂或者无需进一步处理就投入使用。
Operators should wear cotton gloves when handling freshly treated work.
操作者处理刚表面处理好的工件须戴棉质手套。

11. REMOVAL OF ALOCROM COATINGS
ALCOCROM 的退镀
Fresh  Alocrom  1200  coatings  may  be  removed  without  seriously  etching  the aluminium  by  immersing  in  50%  nitric  acid  or  in  the  Deoxidiser bath.    Aged coating or those which have been heated are very resistant to chemical methods
of removal and an etching alkali will be necessary.
刚做的ALCOCROM 1200镀层可以浸没在50%的硝酸里或者脱氧剂Deoxidiser浴缸里去除镀层，而不会明显地腐蚀铝材。对于那些电镀后时间较久的或者那些加热后的工件会对这些化学方法去除镀层有很大的抵触，需要用到蚀刻碱。

12. EQUIPMENT 设备
The equipment consists of:-
包括如下设备：
a. Degreasing plant with suitable rinses where required and if necessary a
Deoxidiser or Desmut tank and rinse. 除油脱脂厂房，必要时有适当的冲洗设施，脱氧或剥黑膜缸、冲洗池。
b. An Alocrom tank constructed of 18 gauge type 316 (En58J) stainless steel
or  rigid  PVC, neoprene, polypropylene,  glazed fibre glass or polythene.
Rubber,  lead,  ceramic  or  glass  are  not  suitable.  It is not usually
necessary to heat the tank but if the temperature of the shop is likely to
fall below 18°C,  a steam coil or electric immersion heater should be fitted
to the tank.  The solution deteriorates rapidly if heated above 35°C and a
thermostat  MUST  be  fitted  to  a  heated  tank.   Overheating  the  Alocrom
may result in the formation of toxic fumes.
ALOCROM 浴缸用18 标准 TYPE 316 (EN58J)不锈钢或硬PVC，氯丁二烯橡胶、聚丙烯、光滑的玻璃纤维或聚乙烯。橡胶、铅、陶瓷或玻璃是不适合的。通常不需要加热浴缸，但是如果工厂的温度下降到18°以下，浴缸应该安装蒸气旋管或浸没式电热器，如果加热到35°以上，溶液会很快变质，因此加热的浴缸要安装上恒温调节器。ALOCROM 浴缸过热的话可以形成毒烟。
The  tank  should  be  sited  in  a  well  ventilated  area  and  fitted  with  a
properly  designed  extract  system. As a guide,  air velocity  across  the

Alocrom should be about 25 m/min.  Tanks over 75 cm  wide should have
extract slots on both sides.  Typical slot velocity will be 700 m/min.
浴缸应该安置在通风良好的地方并安装设计合适的抽排系统。作为指引，ALOCROM 的空气流速应该在25米/分钟左右。宽度75厘米的浴缸两边应该有提取槽。槽的流速700米/分钟。
Further information on tank extract design can be obtained from 'Industrial
Ventilation' published by American Conference of Government Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH).
有关浴缸抽排系统设计的有关信息，请参照美国 政府工业卫生会议（ACGIH）发布的”工业通风”的有关内容。
c. An  unheated  water  rinse  tank  and  a  final  dilute  Deoxylyte  or  dilute
Alocrom  rinse  tank.    The  water  rinse  tank  should  have  a  continuous
supply of water, a weir overflow and a draining valve; the final rinse tank
should be fitted with heating coils.
没有加热的水洗槽和最后稀释Deoxylyte钝化剂或稀释ALOCROM 水洗槽。水洗槽应该偶连续供水、溢出和排水阀；最后的水洗槽应该装上加热线圈。
d. A well ventilated oven for drying the work if required.
Work  can  be  handled  on  hooks  or  in  baskets  or  tumbling  barrels.
Containers  which  are  immersed  in  the  solution  should  be  of  stainless
steel, heavy gauge aluminium or plastic coated mild steel.  Care must be
taken  to  ensure  that  the  solution  can  circulate  freely  to  all  parts  of  the work.
Henkel Surface Technologies can aceept no responsibility for the accuracy or otherwise,   of information, provided in good faith, which concerns plant, equipment or materials supplied by a third party. equipment or materials supplied by a third party.

13. HAZARDS AND HANDLING PRECAUTONS
危险性和操作注意事项
13.1 ALOCROM 1200 AS SUPPLIED
ALOCROM 1200的运输
Full information on hazards and safe handling of the chemical as supplied
is  given  in  the  Health  and  Safety  Data  Sheet  which  must  be  read  and understood by everyone handling or using the product.
Alocrom 1200 contains chromium trioxide (chromic acid) complex fluoride
salts and potassium ferricyanide (potassium hexacyanoferrate III).
When  handling  the  products  wear  PVC  or  rubber  gloves,  apron  and
rubber  boots.     Wear  chemical  goggles  and/or  a  face  shield  which
conforms  to  BS  2092  and  'The  Protection  of  Eyes  Regulations  1974'.
Wear a dust mask to BS 2091. Handle only in conditions of good wentilation.

OPEN CONTAINERS OF ALOCROM WITH CAUTION AND ALLOW ANY VAPOURS TO DISPERSE AND ANY DUST TO SETTLE FOR SEVERAL MINUTES BEFORE HANDLING THE POWDER.  DO NOT BREATH THE DUST.
13.2 Alocrom working bath
ALOCROM 浴缸操作
Operators  should  wear  chemical  goggles  and/or  a  face  shield  which conforms to BS 2092, and PVC or rubber gloves.
First aid
Skin contact
Remove contaminated clothing immediately. Drench the affected area with water and continue thorough washing with soap and water. Get medical attention if irritation or a skin rash develops
Eye Contact
Flush eyes with large quantities of cool water holding eyelids apart. Continue irrigation for at least 10 minutes. GET MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY.
Spills should be contained or absorbed using inert material.
Do not allow rags, sponges, paper or any organic matter which has become contaminated with Alocrom to dry out as this may constitute a fire hazard. Wash rags etc. with water and discard to a fireproof container.
14.FURTHER INFORMATION
Full information on the hazards and safe handling of the product as supplied is given in the Health and Safety Data Sheet which must be read and understood by everyone handling or using this product.